Payments To Remita Billers. no logo. Pay Once Recurring Payment (Standing Order/Direct Debit) Pay e-Invoice. Please provide all your payment details here. Crossdresser, Idris Okuneye popularly known as Bobrisky, has declared himself the biggest girl in Nigeria as he showed off a sack of money. the value of dominant outcome-driven sports development monitoring and evaluation manuals. The need for specific sports development management training. INVESTING IN MUTUAL FUNDS REAL ESTATE AND OTHER CHOICES

Conceptualizing NPM as a meta-language highlights the constructive powers of the sports development discourse. The tenets of the NPM pervade the current thinking of sports development. For example, the Government Plan for Sport DCMS, urged NGBs to improve the quality of their management and the use of modern business practices, such as strategic planning, target-setting and monitoring and evaluation.

The Skills Active Research Report also encouraged sports development workers to polish their business management skills Millar, Similarly, Thibault et al. Whilst there is nothing wrong with sports development managers acquiring business skills to be deployed when dealing with complex issues, it should be remembered that sports development is not a business enterprise, but a social process of change, which involves real lives.

My job is about empowering communities. Mintzberg et al. As established, sports development is a much broader and complex field of work, which is not confined to the narrow realm of physical activity. Engaging or creative management Abbott et al. Sports development workers have to engage with those they try to develop and generate indigenous information and knowledge as a basis for action.

Edwards et al. The important point here is how the costs and benefits of global sports development are distributed. Major international organizations such as the EU, IOC and FIFA channel considerable financial and material resources, which have significant implications for sports development locally. Sports development managers have to learn how to better raise and utilize those resources and to relate to those providing them.

The tension between global and local sports development influences the different skills required, and confuses organizations and managers about their identity. They have to be partly market-oriented by providing a costeffective service in a highly competitive and politically regulated sports development field, and partly agents of fundamental social change concerned with transforming individual, community and organizational lives. Thus, the management of sports development could be seen as distinctive and counter to the notion of the universal principles of management rooted in the belief in the universalizing power of the market, state and science.

This is because the roles of the market, state and science varies enormously across countries. The same applies to their role in sport, as a recent British government policy document acknowledged the multiplicity of sport models in Western democracies based on differing philosophies, structures and delivery systems DCMS, , p.

Those models have evolved over many years and, as demonstrated by Collins and Houlihan and White , are still far from producing an egalitarian vision of sports development that would benefit all members of society. This implies the need to study management closely in the field with sensitivity to both actions performed and the inter-subjective meaning given by the actors to those actions.

Bernstein , p. Virtually all academic writings dedicated to sports development have centred on three sets of issues: i how to use sport for personal development; ii participation in sport and how to increase it; and iii inequality and how to overcome it through sport. In a comprehensive study of the social work of sport, Lawson , p.

Thus, the management of sports development as an academic discipline implies an expressed concern with generating applied knowledge in the form of development policies and implementations. The definition of the management of sports development employed by this book locates it in the realm of political, social and historical as well as management and organizational sciences.

Hence, as an academic subject it has to contain both an applied and a non-applied theoretical aspect, ranging from policy analysis to social and personal change and managing organizational relationships and practical interventions. The UK academic landscape of sports development studies is very diverse.

If the management of sports development is to establish itself as a credible academic discipline it has to adopt a clear developmental orientation and methods of enquiry that can generate indigenous and culturally relevant applied knowledge. A similar task amounts to reconsidering the epistemiological and ontological premises on which much of our understanding of mainstream management is built, and echoes the call for a managementwith-development orientation.

Recently, there has been a growing awareness among sport commentators for the need of such reconsideration. Maguire , p. Not all sports scientists embrace this focus. The humanist tradition was once an integral part of PE and found expression in areas, such as history, philosophy and pedagogy: at its best, it was concerned with themes and issues such as morality, equity, participation, learning, cooperation and the intrinsic properties of play and games.

Humanists, at least in the context of Sport Exercise Science Departments, are in danger of becoming extinct. Coalter also challenged the value of dominant outcome-driven sports development monitoring and evaluation manuals. The need for specific sports development management training and learning has been supported by evidence from staff working in various interventions settings, and is informative for the design of academic curricula.

Table 1. Those needs may differ from the skills required from sports development officers in NGBs or local authorities, and further reinforce the point that sports development is a unique and complex field where the application of management tool kits is not unproblematic and where finding solutions to real life problems is what really matters. It is structured into five interrelated parts organized around the three contemporary core meanings of sports development as a Vision, Social Change and Delivery Process.

The purpose of the introductory part is to provide an understanding of the meaning of the management of sports development, and to create an argument justifying it as an emerging academic field and profession. It uses those three interpretations of sports development as a guide to the content to the book. The first interpretation of sports development implies that we have to examine it as a Vision, as expressed in discourses promoted by various public, non-governmental and international agencies.

The second suggests focusing on it as a Historical Process of Social Change, thus requiring an understanding of organizational behaviour and subjectivity. Finally, an interpretation of sports development as a deliberate effort on the part of various agencies aimed at the improvement of personal and social conditions entails dealing with the Delivery end.

Contributions are explicitly concerned with identifying the key management issues that sports development workers have to be aware of and the skills they need to successfully tackle the challenges posed by those issues. The concluding part reflects back on the lessons from different chapters and draws some conclusions about the management of sports development and its study.

The purpose of Part Two, Visions of Sports Development, is to develop an understanding of sports development as a set of desirable end states, as expressed in the visions and practical policies of various public, voluntary and international organizations. The four chapters in this part seek to explain how visions of sports development come about, what are the key contributing factors shaping those visions and how they inform the practice of sports development.

In Models of Sports Development, Kevin Hylton and Peter Bramham offer an overview of various conceptions about sports development, the key values they promote and the philosophical anthropology and political ideology that underpins them. It provides an interpretation of the relationship between visions conceptions of sports development and practical policies.

The chapter on Public Policies on Sports Development by Mike Collins concentrates on current UK public policies on grass roots and elite sports development and analyses what visions of citizenship and organization of sport they envisage. A number of appropriate comparisons with other European countries and Australia are made. The third chapter on Non-governmental Organisations in Sports Development by Mick Green examines the role of non-profit developers in promoting the sports development agenda.

Examples are drawn from a range of voluntary sport providers, and the Central Council for Physical Recreation and Youth Trust in particular, and the key management challenges they face including their relationships with the public sector are highlighted. The sports development policies designed by these organizations have significant implications for national and grass-roots sport 1: Management of Sports Development as a Field and Profession 31 associations, and this chapter addresses those issues by looking into the management tensions and opportunities which the global—local nexus creates.

Part Three of the book scrutinizes sports development as a Process of Change by establishing it within the wider social process of change, which concerns both organizations and individuals. In particular, the four contributions discuss the role of sport as an agent of social and personal change, as promoted through social institutions such as sport organizations, cities and the media and how people make sense of and experience it in different locations and cultural environments.

In Sport as an Agent for Social and Personal Change, Christine Green explores the potential of sport to affect organizational and personal changes. More specifically, she discusses how certain visions of sports development e. The chapter on Mega Sporting Events and Sports Development by Milena Parent examines a relatively little understood area which is the relationship between mega sporting events and sports development.

It focuses on the connection between mega events and sports development policies and programmes both in Canada and the UK. The chapter provides evidence for three levels of change including policy, facilities and human resources and identifies managerial approaches for planning and utilizing this connection. The chapter on Culture and Sports Development by Laura Hills interrogates change at a personal level by looking at the link between subjectivity and sports development. It provides managers with valuable insights into the role of culture in getting people involved in decision making, delivery and participation in sport.

Geographies of Sports Development: Understanding the Role of Space and Place by Emma Wainwright and Nicola Ansell interprets sports development as an encounter between people and places that takes place in and through space. This is a central topic which affects the success of sports development policies and practice. Spaces of sports development are discussed as absolute, material and concrete but also as metaphorical and imaginative.

Thus sports development is used to shape space and give meaning to place. The chapter reinforces the notion of sports development as a process of change that takes place through space involving negotiations over the meaning of place and who belongs in it, and offers valuable insights to sports development managers.

Part Four deals with sports development as Delivery. It concentrates on the building of organizational and management capacities needed to deliver the goods of sports development development management and on the practical activities aimed at meeting the needs and providing the tangible benefits of sports development to various constituencies management of development.

Andy Adams sets the scene in Building Organisational and Management Capacity for the Delivery of Sports Development by demonstrating how visions and policies on sports development are translated into concrete practical activities on the ground.

In particular the chapter attempts to answer multifaceted questions 32 Vassil Girginov such as what is capacity building and why is it important for sports development? What is civil society and why is it important to develop our understanding of the capacity-building enterprise for sports development? What is social capital and what is the relationship between this concept, civil society and the need or desire to build organizational and management capacity for sports development?

It identifies core management competencies and skills needed by sport organizations at grass-roots and national levels in order to be able to implement and sustain the visions of development. In Networks and Partnerships in Sports Development, Barrie Houlihan and Iain Lindsey continue the theme of capacity building by focusing on the delivery of sports development through the combined efforts and resources of various agencies.

The chapter discusses the process of developing three specific forms of partnerships between public, voluntary and private organizations — County Sport Partnership, New Opportunities for Physical Education and Sport Programmes and School Sport Partnership — concerned with the delivery of sports development and highlights the advantages and challenges involved in this process as well as the core management skills needed.

Funding Sports Development Activities by Ian Jones explores the funding of sports development initiatives, focusing particularly on the issues related to the actual processes by which funding is gained, and the key concerns affecting both funding bodies and those seeking funding.

A range of public, private and mixed international sources are discussed within the wider policy funding context in the UK and useful approaches and techniques are offered for sports development managers. It advocates a bottom-up approach with clear guidelines on how co-ownership could be negotiated and could function for monitoring, evaluation and impact assessments of sports development programmes and interventions. The chapter suggests a practical tool for managing, monitoring, evaluation and impact assessments that may enhance comparative research and implementation of sports development.

The final chapter of the book Managing Visions, Changes and Delivery in Sports Development: Summary and Prospects by Vassil Girginov offers a summary of the three main interpretations of the management of sports development as a vision, process of organizational and personal change and related practices.

It builds on the lessons from all previous chapters by providing a definition of the management of sports development and a conceptualization of the key issues and practical skills needed by sports development workers. The chapter concludes with some suggestions for future research and teaching and training agendas.

References Abbott, D. Development management as reflective practice. Journal of International Development, 19, — Amis, J. Rupture: Promoting critical and innovative approaches to the study of sport management. Journal of Sport Management, 19, — Rowe, ed. Maidenhead: Open University Press, pp. Apthorpe, R. Development studies and policy studies: In the short run we are all dead. Journal of International Development, 11, — Banuri, T.

Modernization and its discontents: A cultural perspective on the theories of development. In Dominating Knowledge F. Marglin and S. Marglin, eds. Oxford: Claredon Press. Barnett, T. Sociology and Development. London: Hutchinson. Bernstein, H. African Studies, 65 1 , 45— Black, D. Rugby and the South African Nation.

Glasgow: Manchester University Press. Boutall, T. Competences for Sport Workers in Community Cohesion. Brikenhoff, D. International development management in a globalized world. Public Administration Review, 59 4 , — Brown, D. Research Quarterly for Exercise and Sport, 67 2 , — Cammack, P. The governance of global capitalism: A new materialist perspective. Historical Materialism, 11 2 , 37— Cantelon, H.

The making of the IOC environmental policy as the third dimension of the Olympic movement. International Review of the Sociology of Sport, 35 3 , — Clammer, J. Culture, development, and social theory: On cultural studies and the place of culture in development. The Asia Pacific Journal of Anthropology, 6 2 , — Clarke, J. New Managerialism, New Welfare? Maidenhead: The Open University Press. Coalter, F.

Sport-in-development: Process evaluation and organisational development. In Sport and Development Y. Vanden Auweele, C. Malcolm, and B. Meulders, eds. Leuven: LannooCampus, pp. Coleman, J. Social capital in the creation of human capital. American Journal of Sociology, 94 supplement , — Collins, M. Sports Development Locally and Regionally.

Reading: Institute of Leisure and Amenity Management. England: Sport for all as a multifaceted product of domestic and international influences. Da Costa and A. Miragaya, eds. Sport and Social Exclusion. London: Routledge. Examining Sports Development. Community Development Foundation A report on paid and unpaid community workers. Cowen, M. The invention of development. In Power of Development J. Crush, ed. London: Routledge, Ch.

Doctrines of Development. New York: Routledge. Crampton, R. Eastern Europe in the Twentieth Century. Crush, J. Introduction: Imagining development. Cutler, I. The cynical manager. Management Learning, 31 3 , — Game Plan. London: DCMS. Eady, J. Practical Sports Development. Edwards, M. NGOs in a global future: Marrying local delivery to worldwide leverage.

Public Administration and Development, 19, — Esman, M. Management Dimensions of Development. West Hartford: Kumarian Press. Esteva, G. In The Development Dictionary W. Sachs, ed. London: Zed Books. Federal Office of Sport Magglingen The Magglingen Call for Action and available at www. FIFA Zurich: FIFA. Flynn, N. Public Sector Management. Fox, K. Tackling obesity in children through physical activity: A perspective from the United Kingdom.

Quest, 56, 28— Frank, A. Latin America: Underdevelopment or Revolution. New York: Monthly Review. Frisby, W. Journal of Sport Management, 19, 1— Girginov, V. Management challenges to global sports development governance. Sport Management Review forthcoming. Gratton, C. Sport in the City. Green, C. Building sport programs to optimize athlete recruitment, retention, and transition: Toward a normative theory of sport development.

Green, M. Elite Sport Development. Sociology of Sport Journal, 23, 47— Gruneau, R. The politics and ideology of active living in historical perspective. In Physical Activity in Human Experience. Interdisciplinary Perspective J. Curtis and S. Russell, eds. Champaign, IL: Human Kinetics. Harvey, J. Sport and citizenship policy: A shift toward a new normative framework for evaluating sport policy in Canada.

Printemps, Spring, —5. Have the pension of the rail way workers been paid? The much talked about mono rail is a political talk, has it seen the light of the day? At times the country makes me laugh. I see adverts and broadcast from close friends and political associates of President Goodluck Jonathan using this as a campaign tool.

We are establishing new universities when the formers ones keep producing graduates that are yet to be employed. You only gave the trouble youths in the region who claimed at first to be freedom fighters and now militants a patry amnesty deal we called rehabilitation programme. Why not the same allowance s be paid to them also? We should not forget what happen in Tunisia hastily.

After all it is the corrupt Nigerian leaders that have stalled the steady supply of energy across the country due to their selfish gains they derived from the importation of generators in the country. When other countries are boasting of 20, or 50, mega watts, we are singing praises high above the heavens for just mw.

Na wa o! A minimum wage that is yet to be implemented or paid to a single worker across the country, yet it has become a campaign tool. What can we say about the post election violence that swept the northern part of the country? We should watch it in Imo, Bayelsa and Adamawa States, it could boil soon! How are sure that the much talked about direct data capture machines DDC were not electronically tampered?

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First, as demonstrated above, sports development may be undertaken in the name of diverse social, political, economic and sport agendas.

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